Which term describes exercise where muscles contract with very little body movement?

Isometric exercise is characterized by muscle contraction that occurs without significant movement of the surrounding joints. During isometric exercises, the muscle generates force, but the length of the muscle does not change. This type of exercise is commonly utilized for strength training and stability, as it can effectively build muscle endurance and strength without requiring a full range of motion in the joints.

For example, holding a plank position is an isometric exercise. The core muscles are engaged and contracting, but the body position remains static, leading to minimal movement. This distinguishes isometric exercise from other forms, such as isotonic, where the muscle changes length through a range of motion, or aerobic, which involves sustained physical activity that increases heart rate and breathing. Understanding these differences helps in selecting the appropriate type of exercise depending on fitness goals and physical capabilities.