What term defines the widest part of a ship?

The term that defines the widest part of a ship is "beam." In naval architecture, the beam refers specifically to the width of a ship at its widest point. This measurement is crucial for various reasons, including stability, capacity, and performance in water. A wider beam can often provide greater stability in rough seas, helping to prevent capsizing by lowering the center of gravity and allowing a ship to carry more weight without compromising safety.

Understanding the dimensions and design of a ship, including the beam, is vital in shipbuilding and marine navigation, as it influences how a vessel interacts with water and its overall seaworthiness. The importance of the beam is reflected in ship design and classification, impacting everything from cargo capacity to how a vessel maneuvers in different conditions.